新型轻质玻化微珠墙体保温板的性能研究

玻化微珠是一种具有质轻、保温、隔热、防火和耐久性好等诸多优点的新型无机轻质骨料、以玻化微珠为轻质骨料,108胶和水泥为胶粘剂,掺加适量的粉煤灰、纤维及防水剂,经模压成型制备玻化微珠墙体保温板。通过正交试验进行试验配比优化,同时研究成型压力、水泥掺量、粉煤灰取代量和纤维掺量对玻化微珠保温板性能的影响;通过SEM扫描电镜对玻化微珠保温板进行内部微观形貌观察,研究界面结合情况以及断面微观形貌,并探讨相关作用机理,试验最终得出玻化微珠保温板最佳工艺参数为：成型压力0．78MPa、水泥掺量60％、粉煤灰取代量20％、纤维掺量1．0％。     

偏高岭土对硅酸盐水泥水化产物的影响

通过热重-差式扫描量热仪、原子力显微镜、扫描电子显微镜-能谱分析研究了偏高岭土对硅酸盐水泥水化产物Ca(OH)2的含量,C-S-H凝胶的形貌特征、化学组成和堆聚结构的影响,讨论了水化产物性质随偏高岭土掺量变化的规律。结果表明:偏高岭土的掺入,水化产物Ca(OH)2的含量相应降低,在偏高岭土掺量15%时,水化28d龄期试样中Ca(OH)2的质量分数由18.68%降低到13.66%;同时C-S-H凝胶颗粒尺寸随着偏高岭土掺量的增加而逐渐减小,堆聚更加紧密,偏高岭土与水泥水化产物Ca(OH)2反应生成结构致密稳定性更好的低Ca/Si值的C-S-H凝胶,改善了C-S-H凝胶的结构和化学组成。     

Na2O—B2O3—SiO2—KH560系统凝胶及其涂层性能研究

用溶胶凝胶法研究了Ｎａ２ＯＢ２Ｏ３ＳｉＯ２ＫＨ５６０无机有机复合涂层胶凝过程，测定了溶胶的粘度，用ＤＳＣ，ＴＧ，ＸＲＤ，ＩＲ，ＳＥＭ分析了凝胶的物相和结构，目测并在ＳＥＭ下观察了这种胶凝材料涂覆在水泥砂浆表面后的表观性能，分析了影响这些性能的因素．在无机Ｎａ２ＯＢ２Ｏ３ＳｉＯ２三组分系统中掺加有机改性剂ＫＨ５６０，无机相和有机相之间以化学键形式结合，形成无机有机互穿的杂化结构．经１３０°Ｃ低温处理即能制备出致密、不开裂，且具有良好物化特性的无机有机涂层材料．影响涂层性能的因素主要有ＫＨ５６０掺量、涂层液粘度、热处理制度（包括加热制度和冷却制度）等     

中低渗透油藏周期性弱凝胶深部调驱技术研究

传统调驱方式能够驱替并封堵高渗透层,有效动用中渗透层,而无法实现对低渗透层的有效动用,且高地层压力影响调驱剂注入量和开发效果。针对这些问题,以中低渗透油层为研究对象,开展弱凝胶与水交替注入实验研究,揭示周期性深部调驱机理及效果。实验结果表明,周期性深部调驱效果明显好于传统调驱方式效果,与1号岩心（整体注入）相比,2号岩心（2个轮次）采收率增幅为3.6%,3号岩心（3个轮次）采收率增幅为5.3%;随着注入轮次的增加,采收率增加;周期性深部调驱方式可在有效动用中高渗透层的基础上,提高低渗透层的采收率。矿场实验结果表明,经过2个轮次凝胶深部调驱试验,试验区累积增油量为1.53×104 t,采收率提高1.66%,周期性弱凝胶深部调驱效果显著。研究成果对提高中低渗透油藏原油采收率具有重要的现实意义。     

气动软体驱动器的设计

根据人手指外骨骼关节结构,提出硅胶多腔体仿人柔性关节,设计了一种用于手部康复机器人的气动软体驱动器,详细阐述了驱动器的制作流程。采用Abaqus软件对软体驱动器进行有限元仿真,给出不同气压下的仿真图形。仿真结果表明,提出的软体驱动器的理论模型与实验数据基本吻合,相对于其他结构,整体的稳定性,抓取能力更强,为以后仿人柔性机械手的应用提供了支撑。     

Dendrimer as nanocarrier for drug delivery

Dendrimers are novel three dimensional, hyperbranched globular nanopolymeric architectures. Attractive features like nanoscopic size, narrow polydispersity index, excellent control over molecular structure, availability of multiple functional groups at the periphery and cavities in the interior distinguish them amongst the available polymers. Applications of dendrimers in a large variety of fields have been explored. Drug delivery scientists are especially enthusiastic about possible utility of dendrimers as drug delivery tool. Terminal functionalities provide a platform for conjugation of the drug and targeting moieties. In addition, these peripheral functional groups can be employed to tailor-make the properties of dendrimers, enhancing their versatility. The present review highlights the contribution of dendrimers in the field of nanotechnology with intent to aid the researchers in exploring dendrimers in the field of drug delivery.     

以凝胶时间表征环氧树脂6101固化反应动力学方程

由旋转黏度计测定了环氧树脂6101分别与3种固化剂所形成的体系在固化过程中剪切黏度随时间的变化曲线,用环形剪切法处理获得相应的凝胶时间。考察了凝胶时间与固化剂、溶剂含量及固化温度等的变化规律,并以凝胶时间作为固化速度的表征,分别建立了相应体系的固化动力学方程。所建立的固化动力学方程,能同时适用于有无溶剂场合,可根据体系的组成(环氧树脂、固化剂和溶剂)及固化温度预测其凝胶时间,为优化防腐涂料配方及固化工艺提供了理论指导。     

Influence of sol–gel derived ZrO2 and ZrC additions on microstructure and properties of ZrB2 composites

ZrB₂ powder was coated with 5% ZrOC sol–gel precursor and sintered by SPS. Relative densities >98% were achieved at 1800 °C with minimal grain growth and an intergranular phase of ZrC. Carbon content in the precursor determined the type of reinforcing phase and porosity of the sintered composites. XRD, SEM and EDS studies indicated that carbon deficiency resulted in ZrO₂ retention, improving ZrB₂ densification with oxide particle reinforcement. Excess carbon resulted in ZrC formation as the reinforcing phase, but could yield porosity and residual carbon at grain boundaries. These two types of ZrB₂ composites displayed different densification and microstructural evolution that explain their contrasting properties. In the extreme oxidative environment of oxyacetylene ablation, the composites with ZrC-C maintained superior leading edge geometry; whereas for mechanical strength, a bias towards the residual ZrO₂ content was beneficial. This highlighted the sensitivity of processing carbon-precursors in the initial sol–gel process and the carbon content in ZrB₂-based composite systems.     

Preparation of scratch resistant superhydrophobic hybrid coatings by sol–gel process

Organic–inorganic hybrid coatings on glass substrates with superhydrophobic properties and with improved scratch resistance were obtained by means of applying a multilayer approach including multiple sol–gel processes. The coatings exhibited a water contact angle (WCA) higher than 150°. Ultraviolet (UV)-curable vinyl ester resins and vinyltriethoxysilane (VTEOS) as coupling agent were employed to increase the adhesion between substrate and the inorganic layers. The surfaces were characterized by means of dynamic contact angle and roughness measurements. Indeed, the occurrence of superhydrophobic behavior was observed. The scratch resistance of the hybrid coatings was tested to evaluate the adhesion of the coatings to the glass substrate. The proposed preparation method for scratch resistant, mechanically stable, superhydrophobic coatings is simple and can be applied on large areas of different kinds of substrates.